The easiest way to start storing any information within SharePoint is creating lists. There are items such as tasks, calendars, and discussions that are all classified as lists.  To start, let’s create a custom list.
Custom lists allow you to place specific information inside them as well as create any amount of columns you desire for your data.
First step is to go to Site Actions >> Create.
Under Customs Lists, click Custom Lists.
 
Enter a name and description of your list.  You will also be able to decide whether or not you would like to display this in the Quick Launch bar for navigation purposes.  If you choose No, don’t worry you will still be able to get to your list.
 
Then simply click Create.  After you click Create, SharePoint will automatically take you into the Custom List that you created.  As you can see, it is pretty boring and basic.  Let’s add some columns to our list.
Click the Settings dropdown of your custom list and select Create Column.
 
On this screen, you will enter in specific information that applies to the data you want in this list.  As you can see you are provided with many options as far as the format of the column, whether it is required or not, and the number of characters that user can enter.
 
Click OK and you are finished with that column.  Repeat this process for as many columns as you would like your list to have.